Effects of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system on hypertension-induced target organ damage: clinical and experimental evidence

The dysregulation of renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in hypertension and the development related target organ damage (TOD). main goal treating is represented by long-term reduction cardiovascular (CV) risk. RAS inhibition either angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors or type 1 Angiotensin II receptors blockers (ARBs), reduce incidence CV events hypertensive patients. Actually, ACE-inhibitors ARBs have been demonstrated to be effective prevent, delay TOD like left ventricular hypertrophy, chronic kidney disease, atherosclerosis. beneficial effects on clinical outcome patients are due key pathogenesis TOD. In particular, through an inflammatory-mediated mechanism initiation, progression vulnerability atherosclerotic plaque. addition, can considered hormonal transductor pressure overload cardiac myocytes, autocrine-paracrine hypertrophy. modulating redox status immune system participates disease. blocker should first therapeutic option with hypertension, even if different impact prevention. seem greater neuro-protective effects, while cardio-protective action.